Opiates
Label Mnemonic: OPIU
Epic code: LAB7385
Downtime form: A-1a Doctor/Provider Orders - Pathology Core and Specialty Care Nursery
Chemistry
6240 RCP
356-3527
Specimen(s):
Urine Screen
Collection Medium:
Clear top tube
Alternate Collection Media:
Urine (Random)-BD Vacutainer®, no additive yellow top
Minimum:
5 mL random urine
Rejection Criteria:
Test cannot be added to a urine sample previously utilized for urinalysis testing (LAB1160, LAB1164, LAB8379).
Testing Schedule:
24 hrs/day, 7 days a week, including holidays.
Turn Around Time:
1 hour (upon receipt in laboratory)
Reference Range:
None
Interpretive Data:
Drug of abuse screening tests are to be used for medical purposes only and not for non-medical purposes (e.g., employee, competitive athlete, or forensic testing).
Comments:
Screen includes opiates only.  For full drug of abuse-urine 
panel, see "Drugs of Abuse Screen".

If confirmation is needed for opiates, call the Laboratory at 356-
3527. Allow up to seven days for confirmatory results. Confirmation is 
at an additional charge.

Approximate cut-off concentrations (ng/mL)
-----------------------------------------
Buprenorphine                 No cross-reactivity
Codeine                               224
6-Acetylmorphine (heroin metabolite)  386
Fentanyl                      No cross-reactivity
Heroin                                366
Hydrocodone                         1,086
Hydromorphone                       1,425
Meperidine                      > 100,000
Methadone                     No cross-reactivity
Morphine                              300
Oxycodone*                       > 75,000

*Therapeutic use of oxycodone in the absence of any other opiates is 
unlikely to result in a positive opiates screen.


References:

Belson MG, Simon HK, Sullivan K, Geller RJ.  The Utility of 
Toxicologic Analysis in Children with Suspected Ingestion.  Pediatr 
Emerg Care 1999;15:383-387.

Bast RP, Helmer SD, Henderson SR, Rogers MA, Shapiro WM, Smith RS.  
Limited Utility of Routine Drug Screening in Trauma Patients.  South 
Med J 2000;93:397-399.

Hammett-Stabler CA, Pesce AJ, Cannon DJ.  Urine Drug Screening in the 
Medical Setting.  Clinica Chimica Acta 2002;315:125-135.

Schiller MJ, Shumway M, Batki SL.  Utility of Routine Drug Screening 
in a Psychiatric Emergency Setting.  Psychiatric Services 2000;51:474-
478.

Sugarman JM, Rodgers GC, Paul RI.  Utility of Toxicology Screening in 
a Pediatric Emergency Department.  Pediatric Emergency Care.  
Pediatric Emergency Care 1997;13(3):194-197.
Test Limitations:
There is the possibility that other substances and/or factors may interfere with the test and cause erroneous results (e.g., technical or procedural errors). Call the lab at 319-356-3527 for additional information.
Methodology:
Assay is based on the kinetic interaction of microparticles in a solution (KIMS) as measured by changes in light transmission.
CPT Code:
80361
 
See also:
Drugs of Abuse, Urine + Confirm
Drugs of Abuse, Urine