Benzodiazepines

Label Mnemonic:	BZOU
Epic code:	LAB7382
Downtime form:	A-1a Doctor/Provider Orders - Pathology Core and Specialty Care Nursery

Chemistry
6240 RCP
356-3527

Specimen(s):

Urine Screen

Collection Medium:

Clear top tube

Alternate Collection Media:

Urine (Random)-BD Vacutainer^®, no additive yellow top

Minimum:

5 mL random urine

Rejection Criteria:

Test cannot be added to a urine sample previously utilized for urinalysis testing (LAB1160, LAB1164, LAB8379).

Testing Schedule:

24 hrs/day, 7 days a week, including holidays.

Turn Around Time:

1 hour (upon receipt in laboratory)

Reference Range:

None

Interpretive Data:

Drug of abuse screening tests are to be used for medical purposes only and not for non-medical purposes (e.g., employee, competitive athlete, or forensic testing).

Comments:

Screen includes benzodiazepines only.  For full drug of abuse-
urine panel, see Drug of Abuse Screen.

If confirmation is needed for benzodiazepines, call the Laboratory at 
356-3527.  Allow up to seven days for confirmatory results. 
Confirmation is at an additional charge.

BENZODIAZEPINES ASSAY
Drug                       Approximate cut-off for
                           benzodiazepines assay (ng/mL)
-------------------------------------------------------------
Alprazolam*                          108
Bentazepam                           222
Chlordiazepoxide                     146
Clobazam                             123
Clonazepam*                          148
Clonazolam                            96
Clorazepate                          124
Demoxepam                             92
Deschloroetizolam                     89
Diazepam                             106
Diclazepam                           102
Etizolam                             133
Flubromazepam                         79
Flubromazolam                         97
Flunitrazepam                        142
Flurazepam                           165
Lorazepam*                           163
Meclonazepam                         347
Midazolam                            168
Nifoxipam                            375
Oxazepam                             122
Pyrazolam                            106
Temazepam                            145
Triazolam                            115

*In patients taking typical therapeutic doses of these
 benzodiazepines for medical purposes, the benzodiazepines
 screen can be negative due to the low concentrations of
 these drugs and their metabolites excreted in urine
 relative to the cut-offs.

References:

Belson MG, Simon HK, Sullivan K, Geller RJ.  The Utility of 
Toxicologic Analysis in Children with Suspected Ingestion.  Pediatr 
Emerg Care 1999;15:383-387.

Bast RP, Helmer SD, Henderson SR, Rogers MA, Shapiro WM, Smith RS.  
Limited Utility of Routine Drug Screening in Trauma Patients.  South 
Med J 2000;93:397-399.

Hammett-Stabler CA, Pesce AJ, Cannon DJ.  Urine Drug Screening in the 
Medical Setting.  Clinica Chimica Acta 2002;315:125-135.

Schiller MJ, Shumway M, Batki SL.  Utility of Routine Drug Screening 
in a Psychiatric Emergency Setting.  Psychiatric Services 2000;51:474-
478.

Sugarman JM, Rodgers GC, Paul RI.  Utility of Toxicology Screening in 
a Pediatric Emergency Department.  Pediatric Emergency Care.  
Pediatric Emergency Care 1997;13(3):194-197.

Test Limitations:

There is the possibility that other substances and/or factors may interfere with the test and cause erroneous results (e.g., technical or procedural errors). Call the lab at 319-356-3527 for additional information.

Methodology:

Assay is based on the kinetic interaction of microparticles in a solution (KIMS) as measured by changes in light transmission.

CPT Code:

80346

See also:
Drugs of Abuse, Urine + Confirm
Drugs of Abuse, Urine