5 mL random urine

Test cannot be added to a urine sample previously utilized for urinalysis testing (LAB1160, LAB1164, LAB8379).

None

Drug of abuse screening tests are to be used for medical purposes only and not for non-medical purposes (e.g., employee, competitive athlete, or forensic testing).

Screen includes amphetamines only.  For full drug of abuse-urine 

panel, see "Drug of Abuse Screen".



If quantitative confirmation is needed for amphetamines, call the Laboratory at 

319-356-3527.  Allow up to seven days for confirmatory results.  


Quantitative confirmation is at an additional charge.



Additional information on approximate cut-offs for individual drugs or 

drug metabolites in the specific assays





AMPHETAMINES ASSAY

Drug                       Approximate cut-off for

                           amphetamines assay (ng/mL)

-------------------------------------------------------------

d-Amphetamine                        981

d-Methamphetamine                    998

MBDB                               1,175

MDA                                  771

MDEA                               1,553

MDMA ("Ecstasy")                     509

PMMA                                 690

PMA                                  908

Labetalol metabolite               5,116

Phendimetrazine*                 138,000

Phentermine*                     239,000

d-Pseudoephedrine*               261,000

Ephedrine*                       308,000



Abbreviations for the "designer" amphetamine and methamphetamine 

derivatives:

   MBDB - methylbenzodioxolylbutanamine ("Eden")

   MDA - 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine

   MDEA - 3,4-methylenedioxy-N-ethylamphetamine ("Eve")

   MDMA - 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine ("Ecstasy")

   PMA - para-Methoxyamphetamine

   PMMA - para-Methoxymethamphetamine 



* The concentrations of these compounds needed to trigger a positive

  amphetamines screen are very high and likely only achievable in large

  overdose.



New amphetamines assay instituted 7/7/10.  

Unlike the assay used prior to 7/7/10, the new assay has very good 

cross-reactivity for MDMA (Ecstasy) and some designer amphetamines 

(MDA, MBDB, MDEA, PMA, PMMA).  The older assay did not cross-react 

well with amphetamines other than amphetamine and methamphetamine. The 

new assay has low cross-reactivity with non-amphetamine drugs 

(ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, phentermine, etc.).



Patients on labetalol can have a false positive amphetamines screen 

due to a metabolite of labetalol (APB, 1-Methyl-3-phenylpropylamine)

structurally resembling amphetamine. In these cases, confirmatory 

testing will be negative.





References:



Belson MG, Simon HK, Sullivan K, Geller RJ.  The Utility of 

Toxicologic Analysis in Children with Suspected Ingestion.  Pediatr 

Emerg Care 1999;15:383-387.



Bast RP, Helmer SD, Henderson SR, Rogers MA, Shapiro WM, Smith RS.  

Limited Utility of Routine Drug Screening in Trauma Patients.  South 

Med J 2000;93:397-399.



Hammett-Stabler CA, Pesce AJ, Cannon DJ.  Urine Drug Screening in the 

Medical Setting.  Clinica Chimica Acta 2002;315:125-135.



Schiller MJ, Shumway M, Batki SL.  Utility of Routine Drug Screening 

in a Psychiatric Emergency Setting.  Psychiatric Services 2000;51:474-

478.



Sugarman JM, Rodgers GC, Paul RI.  Utility of Toxicology Screening in 

a Pediatric Emergency Department.  Pediatric Emergency Care.  

Pediatric Emergency Care 1997;13(3):194-197.



Gilbert RB, Peng PI, Wong D.  A labetalol metabolite with analytical 

characteristics resembling amphetamines.  J Anal Toxicol 1995;19(2):84-

86.

There is the possibility that other substances and/or factors may interfere with the test and cause erroneous results (e.g., technical or procedural errors). Call the lab at 319-356-3527 for additional information.

Assay is based on the kinetic interaction of microparticles in a solution (KIMS) as measured by changes in light transmission.