Medical School:

• University of Toronto,  Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Residency:

• University of Toronto,  Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Fellowship:

• Mt. Zion Medical Center, University of California, San Francisco, California (Endocrine Surgery)

Certification:

• American Board of Surgery

Professional Affiliations

• Ontario Medical Association
• Canadian Medical Association
• Alpha Omega Alpha Honor Society
• Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada (Fellow)
• American College of Surgeons (Associate Fellow)
• American Thyroid Association
• Association of Women Surgeons
• International Association of Endocrine Surgeons

Honors and Awards:

• Edward Christie Stevens Fellowship  and the Joseph M. West Memorial Fund 1998 Award, University of Toronto Toronto, Ontario, Canada
• Resident Travel Award , Canadian Society of Surgical Oncology 1999 Annual Meeting
• Travel Award , American Thyroid Association 2002 Annual Meeting, Los Angeles, California
• Travel Award, International Association of Endocrine Surgeons Meeting 2004, Uppsala, Sweden

Clinical Interests

• Endocrine surgical oncology including surgery for Thyroid cancer
• Minimally invasive parathyroidectomy, laparoscopic adrenalectomy
• Breast surgical oncology
• Parathyroid, Adrenal and Endocrine Pancreatic tumors

Research Interests:

• Endocrine tumor genetics
• Familial endocrine tumors

Licensure:

• Iowa Board of Medical Examiners #35311
• College of Physicians & Surgeons of Ontario

Selected and Recent Publications (Peer-Reviewed Papers):

• Lal G, Liu G, Schmocker B, Kaurah P, Ozcelik H, Narod S, Redston M, and Gallinger S. Inherited predisposition to pancreatic adenocarcinoma: Role of family history and germline p16, BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations. Cancer Res 15; 60(2):409-16, Jan 2000.
• Lal G, Liu L, Hogg D, Lassam N, Redston M, Gallinger S. Patients with both pancreatic adenocarcinoma and melanoma may harbor germline CDKN2A mutations. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 27(4):358-61, April 2000.
• Lal G, Ash C, Hay K, Redston M, Kwong E, Hancock B, Mak T, Kargman S, Evans JF and Gallinger S. Suppression of intestinal polyps in Msh2 deficient and non-Msh2 deficient Min mice by a specific cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor and by a dual cyclooxygenase-1/2 inhibitor. Cancer Res 15;61(16):6131-6, August 2001.
• Ghadirian P, Liu G, Gallinger S, Schmocker B, Paradis AJ, Lal G, Brunet JS, Foulkes WD, Narod SA. Risk of pancreatic cancer among individuals with a family history of cancer of the pancreas. Int J Cancer 97(6):807-10, Feb 2002.
• Lal G, Clark OH. Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy – Indications and Technique. Surg Oncol 12(2): 105-23, Aug 2003.
• Lal G, Clark OH. Primary hyperparathyroidism – Controversies in surgical management. Trends Endocrinol Metab 14(9): 417-22, Nov 2003
• Lal G, Ituarte P, Kebebew E, Siperstein A, Duh QY, Clark OH. Should total thyroidectomy become the preferred procedure for surgical management of Graves' disease? Thyroid. 15(6):569-74, June 2005
• Lal G, Padmanabha L, Nicholson R, Smith BJ, Howe JR, O’Dorisio MS, Domann FE. RIZ1 is epigenetically inactivated by promoter hypermethylation in thyroid carcinomas. Cancer 107(12):2752-9, December 2006.
• Howe JR, Larsen-Haidle J, Lal G, Bair J, Song C, Pechman B, Lynch HT. ENG Mutations in SMAD4/BMPR1A Mutation Negative Patients with Juvenile Polyposis. Clinical Genetics 71: 91-92, 2007.
• Calva-Cerqueira D, Smith BJ, Hostetler ML, Lal G, Menda Y, O'Dorisio TM, Howe JR. Minimally invasive parathyroidectomy and preoperative MIBI scans: correlation of gland weight and preoperative PTH. J Am Coll Surg. 2007 Oct; 205(4 Suppl):S38-44.
• Lal G, Padmanabha L, Nicholson R, Smith BJ, Zhang L, Robinson R and O’Dorisio MS. ECM1 expression in malignant thyroid neoplasms: A comparison of real-time PCR with immunohistochemistry. J Surg Res 2007 Nov (e-pub)
• Adam LA, Calva-Cerqueira D, Smith BJ, Howe JR and Lal G. Role for limited neck exploration in young adults with apparently sporadic primary hyperparathyroidism. World J Surg 2008 Jul;32(7):1518-24.March 12 (e-pub)
• Lal G, Padmanabha L, Provenzano M, Fitzgerald M, Domann FE. Epigenetic regulation of 14-3-3σ expression by aberrant promoter methylation in thyroid carcinoma Cancer Lett 2008, Aug 18;267(1):165-74. Epub 2008 Apr 25.
• Lal G, Hashimi S, Smith BJ, Zhang L, Lynch C, Robinson RA and Weigel RJ Extracellular Matrix 1 (ECM1) expression is a novel prognostic marker for poor long-term survival in breast cancer – a hospital-based cohort study in Iowa Ann Surg Oncol Aug;16(8):2280-7. Epub 2009 Jun 12.
• Calva D, O'Dorisio TM, Sue O'Dorisio M, Lal G, Sugg S, Weigel RJ, Howe JR. When is prophylactic thyroidectomy indicated for patients with the RET codon 609 mutation? Ann Surg Oncol. 2009 Aug;16(8):2237-44. Epub 2009 May 27.
• Lal G, Nowell AG, Liao J, Sugg SL, Weigel RJ, Howe JR. Determinants of survival in patients with calciphylaxis – a multivariate analysis Surgery. 2009 Dec;146(6):1028-34.
• Fang S, Guidroz JA, O’Malley Y, Lal G, Sugg SL, Howe JR, Weigel RJ. Expansion of a cell population expressing Stem cell markers in parathyroid glands from patients with Hyperparathyroidism. Ann Surg 2010 Jan;251(1):107-13.
• Fairchild T, Menda Y, Sugg SL, Weigel RJ, Howe JR, Lal G. PET-CT for recurrent or persistent differentiated thyroid cancer – Is there added utility beyond conventional imaging?, Surgery
• Fang S and Lal G. Parathyroid cancer. In press, Endocrine Practice
• Spanheimer P, Sugg S, Lal G, Howe JR and Weigel RJ. Surveillance and intervention following thyroid lobectomy. In press Ann Surg Oncol

Selected Chapters:

• Lal G and Clark OH. Endocrine Surgery. In: Basic and Clinical Endocrinology 7th edition. Greenspan F and Gardner D (Editors). McGraw-Hill Companies. 2003
• Lal G, Clark OH. Thyroid, Parathyroid and Adrenal. Schwartz Principles of Surgery, 8th edition 2004
• Lal G and Clark OH. Thyroiditis. In: Textbook of Endocrine Surgery 2nd Edition. Clark OH, Duh Q-Y and Kebebew E (Editors). Elsevier/Saunders 2005
• Lal G and Clark OH. Diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism and indications for surgery. In Textbook of Endocrine Surgery 2nd Edition. Clark OH, Duh Q-Y and Kebebew E (Editors). Elsevier/Saunders 2005
• Lal G: Large adrenal incidentaloma in Case Studies in Minimal Access Surgery: A companion to the SAGES manual. In preparation
• Lal G and Clark OH. Endocrine Surgery. In: Basic and Clinical Endocrinology 8th edition. Greenspan F and Gardner D (Editors). McGraw-Hill Companies. 2007
• Maurice M and Lal G. Thyroidectomy Operative Anatomy 3rd Edition Editor: Scott-Conner C. Lippincott-Williams and Wilkins. 2008
• Maurice M and Lal G. Parathyroidectomy Operative Anatomy 3rd Edition Editor: Scott-Conner C. Lippincott-Williams and Wilkins. 2008
• Adam LA and Lal G. Parathyroidectomy Operative Anatomy 3rd Edition Editor: Scott-Conner C. Lippincott-Williams and Wilkins. 2008
• Lal G, O’Dorisio T, McDougall IR and Weigel RJ. Cancer of the Endocrine system. In: Abeloff Elsevier Publications. 2008
• Lal G, Clark OH. Thyroid, Parathyroid and Adrenal. Schwartz Principles of Surgery, 9th edition, 2009
• Lal G and Clark OH. Endocrine Surgery. In: Basic and Clinical Endocrinology 8th edition. Greenspan F and Gardner D (Editors).McGraw-Hill Companies. In press