Preferred Minimum: 8 mL aliquot from a well-mixed collection Absolute Minimum: 1 mL aliquot from a well-mixed collection Specimen must be collected in a plastic container and should be refrigerated during collection. Studies indicate that refrigeration of urine alone, during and after collection, preserves specimens adequately, if tested within 14 days of collection.

High concentrations of iodine may interfere with elemental testing. Abstinence from iodine-containing medications or contrast agents for at least 1 month prior to collecting specimens for elemental testing is recommended. Specimen must be collected in a plastic, non-colored container, and should be refrigerated during the entire collection period. Studies indicate that refrigeration or urine alone, during and after collection, preserves the specimens as well as urines using a preservative, if tested within 14 days of end of collection period. Record start and stop of collection period on requisition.

Cadmium, Urine 0.0-2.6 ug/L Cadmium, Urine (24-hour) 0.0-3.3 ug/d Cadmium per gram of creatinine 0.0-3.0 ug/g crt Creatinine (24-hour) Male: 3-8 years: 140-700 mg/d 9-12 years: 300-1300 mg/d 13-17 years: 500-2300 mg/d 18-50 years: 1000-2500 mg/d 51-80 years: 800-2100 mg/d 81 years and older: 600-2000 mg/d Female: 3-8 years: 140-700 mg/d 9-12 years: 300-1300 mg/d 13-17 years: 400-1600 mg/d 18-50 years: 700-1600 mg/d 51-80 years: 500-1400 mg/d 81 years and older: 400-1300 mg/d