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Department of Internal Medicine

Infectious Diseases Faculty

Daniel Diekema, M.D.

Additional Publications

  1. Diekema DJ, Ferguson KJ, Doebbeling BN. Motivation for hepatitis B vaccine acceptance among medical and physician assistant students. J Gen Int Med 1995;10:1-6.
  2. Diekema DJ, Doebbeling BN. Employee health and infection control. Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology 1995;16:292-301.
  3. Diekema DJ, Schuldt SS, Albanese MA, Doebbeling BN. Universal precautions training of preclinical students: impact on knowledge, attitudes and compliance. Preventive Medicine 1995;24:580-585.
  4. Diekema DJ, Albanese MA, Schuldt SS, Doebbeling BN. Blood and body fluid exposures during clinical training: relationship to universal precautions knowledge. J Gen Int Med 1996;11:109-111.
  5. Diekema DJ, Albanese MA, Densen P, Doebbeling BN. Student health policies of United States medical schools. Academic Medicine 1996;71:1090-1092.
  6. Diekema DJ, Barr J, Boykin L, Buschelman BJ, Jones RN, Pfaller MA, Herwaldt LA. A cluster of serious Escherichia coli infections in a neonatal intensive care unit. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1997;18:774-776.
  7. Diekema DJ, Messer SA, Hollis RJ, Pfaller MA, Wenzel RP. An outbreak of Candida parapsilosis prosthetic valve endocarditis. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 1997;29:147-153.
  8. Diekema DJ, Coffman SL, Marshall SA, Beach ML, Rolston KVI, Jones RN. Comparison of activities of broad spectrum beta-lactam compounds against 1128 gram-positive cocci recently isolated in cancer-treatment centers. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1999;43:940-943.
  9. Diekema DJ, Jones RN, and Rolston KVI. Antimicrobial activity of gatifloxacin compared to seven other compounds tested against gram-positive organisms isolated at 10 cancer-treatment centers. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 1999;34:37-43.
  10. Diekema DJ, Pfaller MA, Messer SA, Houston A, Hollis RJ, Doern GV, Jones RN and the SENTRY participants group. In vitro activity of BMS-207147 tested against over 600 contemporary clinical bloodstream isolates of Candida species from the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program in North America and Latin America. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1999;43:2236-2239.
  11. Diekema DJ, Pfaller MA, Jones RN, Doern GV and the SENTRY participants group. Survey of bloodstream infections due to gram-negative bacilli: Frequency of occurrence and antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates collected in the United States, Canada and Latin America for the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program, 1997. Clin Infect Dis 1999;29:595-607.
  12. Diekema DJ, Marchesseault A. Clinical impact of changing to an automated blood culture system at a small community hospital. Clin Microbiol Infect 1999;5:590-593.
  13. Deshpande LM, Diekema DJ, Marshall SA, and Jones RN. Comparative activity of clinafloxacin and nine other agents tested against 2,000 contemporary clinical isolates from patients in United States hospitals. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 1999;35:81-88.
  14. Diekema DJ, Jones RN. Oxazolidinones: A review. Drugs 2000; 59:7-16.
  15. Diekema DJ, Pfaller MA, Jones RN, Doern GV, Kugler KC, Beach ML, Sader HS, and the SENTRY participants group. Frequency of occurrence and trends in antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial pathogens isolated from patients with bloodstream infections in the United States, Canada, and Latin America: Report from the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program, 1998. International J Antimicrob Agents 2000;13:257-271.
  16. Diekema DJ, Pfaller MA, Turnidge J, Verhoef J, Fluit A, Doern GV, Jones RN. Genetic relatedness of multidrug-resistant, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream isolates from SENTRY Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance centers worldwide, 1998. Microb Drug Resist 2000;6:213-221.
  17. Andrews JI, Diekema DJ, Coffman S, Pfaller MA, Jones RN, Doern GV. Group B Streptococci causing neonatal bloodstream infection: Antimicrobial susceptibility and serotyping results from SENTRY centers in the Western Hemisphere. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2000;183:859-62.
  18. Diekema DJ, Brueggemann AB, Doern GV. Relationship between antimicrobial usage in metropolitan service areas and changes in resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae at 23 hospitals nationwide. Emerg Infect Dis 2000;6:552-556.
  19. Yamazumi T, Marshall SA, Wilke WW, Diekema DJ, Pfaller MA, Jones RN. Comparison of the Vitek GPS 106 card and the MRSA-Screen latex agglutination test for determining oxacillin-resistance in clinical bloodstream isolates of Staphylococcus aureus. J Clin Microbiol 2001;39: 53-56.
  20. Diekema DJ, Pfaller MA, Schmitz FJ, Smayevsky J, Bell J, Jones RN, Beach M, and the SENTRY Participants Group. Survey of infections due to Staphylococcus species: Frequency of occurrence and antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates collected in the United States, Canada, Latin America, Europe and the Western Pacific for the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program, 1997-1999. Clin Infect Dis 2001;32 (S2):S114-32.
  21. Diekema DJ, Beach ML, Pfaller MA, Jones RN and the SENTRY Participants Group. Antimicrobial resistance in viridans group streptococci among patients with and without the diagnosis of cancer in the United States, Canada and Latin America. Clin Microbiol Infect 2001;7:152-157.
  22. Walsh TR, Bolmstrom A, Qwarnstrom A, Ho P, Wootton M, Howe RA, MacGowan AP, Diekema DJ. Evaluation of current methods for detection of staphylococci with reduced susceptibility to glycopeptides. J Clin Microbiol 2001;39:2439-44.
  23. Hanberger H, Diekema DJ, Fluit A, Jones RN, Struelens M, Spencer R, Woolf M. Surveillance of antibiotic resistance in European intensive care units. J Hosp Infect 2001;48:161-176.
  24. Diekema DJ, Jones RN. Oxazolidinone antibiotics. Lancet 2001;358:1975-1982.
  25. Pfaller MA, Diekema DJ, Jones RN, Sader HS, Fluit AC, Hollis RJ, Messer SA. International surveillance of blood stream infections due to Candida species: Frequency of occurrence and in vitro susceptibility to fluconazole, ravuconazole, and voriconazole among isolates collected from 1997-1999 in the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program. J Clin Microbiol 2001;39:3254-59.
  26. Xiang J, Wunschmann S, Diekema DJ, Klinzman D, Patrick K, George SL, Stapleton JT. Infection with GB virus C prolongs survival in human immunodeficiency virus infected people, and inhibits HIV replication in vitro. N Engl J Med 2001;345:707-714.
  27. Yamazumi T, Furuta I, Diekema DJ, Pfaller MA, Jones RN. Comparison of the Vitek GPS 106 Card, the MRSA-screen latex agglutination test, and mecA analysis for detecting oxacillin resistance in a geographically diverse collection of clinical isolates of coagulase-negative staphylococci. J Clin Microbiol 2001;39:3633-3636.
  28. Lewis RE, Diekema DJ, Messer SA, Pfaller MA, Klepser ME. Comparison of Etest, checkerboard dilution, and time-kill studies for the detection of synergy or antagonism against Candida spp. J Antimicrob Chemother 2002;49:345-351.
  29. Pfaller MA, Diekema DJ, Jones RN, Messer SA, Hollis RJ, and the SENTRY Participants Group. Trends in antifungal susceptibility of Candida spp. isolated from pediatric and adult patients with blood stream infections: SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program, 1997-2000. J Clin Microbiol 2002;40:852-856.
  30. Richter SS, Beekmann SE, Croco JL, Diekema DJ, Pfaller MA, Doern GV. Minimizing the workup of blood culture contaminants: Implementation and evaluation of a laboratory-based algorithm. J Clin Microbiol 2002;40:2437-44.
  31. Diekema DJ, Messer SA, Coffman SA, Brueggemann AB, Doern GV, Herwaldt LA, Pfaller MA. The epidemiology of candidemia: Three year results from the Emerging Infections and the Epidemiology of Iowa Organisms study. J Clin Microbiol 2002;40:1298-1302.
  32. Pfaller MA, Diekema DJ, Messer SA, Boyken L, Huynh, Hollis RJ. Clinical evaluation of a frozen commercially prepared microdilution panel for antifungal susceptibility testing of seven antifungal agents including the new triazoles posaconazole, ravuconazole, and voriconazole J Clin Microbiol 2002; 40:1694-7.
  33. Pfaller MA, Messer SA, Hollis RJ, Jones RN, Diekema DJ. In vitro activities of ravuconazole and voriconazole compared with those of four licensed systemic antifungal agents against 6,970 clinical isolates of Candida spp. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2002;46:1723-1727.
  34. Diekema DJ, Pfaller MA, Biedenbach DJ, Stillwell M, Jones RN. Age-related trends in pathogen frequency and antimicrobial susceptibility of bloodstream isolates in North America: SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program 1997-2000. International J Antimicrob Agents 2002; 20:412-418.
  35. Pfaller MA, Diekema DJ. The role of sentinel surveillance of candidemia: Trends in species distribution and antifungal susceptibility. J Clin Microbiol 2002;40:3551-3557.
  36. Munson E, Diekema DJ, Beekmann SE, Chapin K, Doern GV. Detection and treatment of bloodstream infection: Laboratory reporting and antimicrobial management. J Clin Microbiol 2003;41:495-497.
  37. Pfaller MA, Messer SA, Boyken L, Huynh H, Hollis RJ, Diekema DJ. In vitro activities of 5-fluorocytosine against 8,803 clinical isolates of Candida spp.: A global assessment of primary resistance using National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards susceptibility testing methods. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2002;46:3518-21.
  38. Pfaller MA, Diekema DJ, Messer SA, Boyken L, Hollis RJ. In vitro activities of voriconazole, posaconazole and four licensed systemic antifungal agents against Candida species infrequently isolated from blood. J Clin Microbiol 2003;41:78-83.
  39. Maxwell MJ, Messer SA, Hollis RJ, Diekema DJ, Pfaller MA. Evaluation of Etest method for determining voriconazole and amphotericin B MICs for 162 clinical isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans. J Clin Microbiol 2003;41:97-99.
  40. Richter SS, Diekema DJ, Heilmann KP, Almer LS, Shortridge VD, Zeitler R, Flamm RK, Doern GV. Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pyogenes. Clin Infect Dis 2002;36:380-383.
  41. Pfaller MA, Messer SA, Boyken LA, Hollis RJ, Diekema DJ. In vitro susceptibility testing of filamentous fungi: comparison of Etest and reference M-38A microdilution methods for determining posaconazole MICs. Diag Microbiol Infect Dis 2003;45:241-44.
  42. Maxwell MJ, Messer SA, Hollis RJ, Boyken L, Tendolkar S, Diekema DJ, Pfaller MA. Evaluation of Etest method for determining fluconazole and voriconazole MICs for 279 clinical isolates of Candida species infrequently isolated from blood. J Clin Microbiol 2003;41:1087-90.
  43. Pfaller MA, Diekema DJ, Messer SA, Hollis RJ, Jones RN. In vitro activities of caspofungin compared with those of fluconazole and itraconazole against 3,959 clinical isolates of Candida spp., including 157 fluconazole-resistant isolates. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2003;47:1068-71.
  44. Pfaller JB, Messer SA, Hollis RJ, Diekema DJ, Pfaller MA. In vitro susceptibility testing of Aspergillus spp.: Comparison of Etest and reference microdilution methods for determining voriconazole and itraconazole MICs. J Clin Microbiol 2003;41:1126-29.
  45. Pfaller MA, Diekema DJ, Messer SA, Boyken L, Hollis RJ. Activity of fluconazole and voriconazole determined by broth microdilution, disk diffusion, and Etest methods against 1586 recent clinical isolates of Candida species: Report from the ARTEMIS global antifungal susceptibility program, 2001. J Clin Microbiol 2003;41:1440-46.
  46. Klepser ME, Klepser DG, Ernst EJ, Brooks J, Diekema DJ, Mozaffari E, Hendrickson J, Doern GV. Health care resource utilization associated with treatment of penicillin-susceptible and –nonsusceptible isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Pharmacotherapy 2003;23:349-59.
  47. Diekema DJ, Andrews JI, Huynh H, Rhomberg PR, Doktor SR, Beyer J, Shortridge VD, Flamm RK, Jones RN, Pfaller MA. Molecular epidemiology of macrolide resistance among neonatal bloodstream isolates of Group B streptococci. J Clin Microbiol 2003;41:2659-61.
  48. Pfaller MA, Messer SA, Boyken L, Tendolkar S, Hollis RJ, Diekema DJ. Variation in susceptibility of bloodstream isolates of Candida glabrata to fluconazole according to patient age and geographic location. J Clin Microbiol 2003;41:2176-79.
  49. Pfaller MA, Diekema DJ, Boyken L, Messer SA, Tendolkar S, Hollis RJ. Evaluation of the Etest and disk diffusion methods for determining susceptibilities of 235 bloodstream isolates of Candida glabrata to fluconazole and voriconazole. J Clin Microbiol 2003;41:1875-80.
  50. Beekmann SE, Diekema DJ, Chapin K, Doern GV. Effects of rapid detection of bloodstream infections on length of hospitalization and hospital charges. J Clin Microbiol 2003;41:3119-25.
  51. Andrews JI, Diekema DJ, Yankowitz J. Prenatal testing for infectious diseases. Clin Lab Med 2003;23:1-21.
  52. Diekema DJ, Messer SA, Hollis RJ, Jones RN, Pfaller MA. Activities of caspofungin, itraconazole, posaconazole, ravuconazole, voriconazole and amphotericin B against 448 recent clinical isolates of filamentous fungi. J Clin Microbiol 2003;41:3623-6.
  53. Diekema DJ, Beekmann SE, Chapin K, Morel K, Munson E, Doern GV. Epidemiology and outcome of nosocomial and community onset bloodstream infection. J Clin Microbiol 2003;41:3655-60.
  54. Gudlaugsson O, Gillespie S, Lee K, Vande Berg J, Messer SA, Herwaldt LA, Pfaller MA, Diekema DJ. Attributable mortality of nosocomial candidemia, revisited. Clin Infect Dis 2003;37:1172-77.
  55. Climo M, Diekema DJ, Fraser VJ, Herwaldt LA, Perl T, Peterson L, Plaskett T, Price C, Sepkowitz K, Solomon S, Tokars J, Warren DK, Wong E and the CDC Prevention Epicenter Investigators. Prevalence of central venous access device use in and outside the intensive care unit: Results of a survey among hospitals in CDC Prevention Epicenter Program. Infect Cont Hosp Epidem 2003;24:942-946.
  56. Pfaller MA, Messer SA, Boyken L, Rice C, Tendolkar S, Hollis RJ, Diekema DJ. Caspofungin activity against clinical isolates of fluconazole resistant Candida. J Clin Microbiol 2003;41:5729-31.
  57. Pfaller MA, Messer SA, Boyken L, Rice C, Tendolkar S, Hollis RJ, Diekema DJ. Evaluation of the NCCLS M44-P disk diffusion method for determining susceptibilities of 276 clinical isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans to fluconazole. J Clin Microbiol 2004;42:380-83.
  58. Diekema DJ, BootsMiller T, Vaughn T, Woolson R, Yankey J, Ernst E, Flach S, Ward M, Franciscus C, Pfaller MA, Doebbeling BN. Antimicrobial resistance trends and outbreak frequency in United States hospitals. Clin Infect Dis 2004;38:78-85.
  59. Pfaller MA, Messer SA, Boyken L, Hollis RJ, Rice C, Tendolkar S, Diekema DJ. In vitro activities of voriconazole, posaconazole, and fluconazole against 4,169 clinical isolates of Candida spp. and Cryptococcus neoformans collected during 2001 and 2002 in the ARTEMIS Global Antifungal Surveillance Program. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2004;48:201-205.
  60. Pfaller MA, Boyken L, Messer SA, Hollis RJ, Diekema DJ. Stability of Mueller-Hinton agar supplemented with glucose and methylene blue for disk diffusion testing of fluconazole and voriconazole. J Clin Microbiol 2004;42:1288-9.
  61. Ward MM, Diekema DJ, Yankey JW, Vaughn TE, BootsMiller BJ, Pendergrast JF, Doebbeling BN. Implementation of strategies to prevent and control the emergence and spread of antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms in U.S. hospitals. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2005;26:21-30.
  62. Polgreen PM, Fultz SL, Justice AC, Wagner JH, Diekema DJ, Rabeneck L, Weissman S, Stapleton JT. Association of hypocholesterolemia with hepatitis C virus infection in HIV infected people. HIV Medicine 2004;5:144-50.
  63. Diekema DJ, Lee K, Raney P, Herwaldt LA, Doern GV, Tenover FC. Accuracy and appropriateness of antimicrobial susceptibility test reporting for bacteria isolated from blood cultures. J Clin Microbiol 2004;42:2258-2260.
  64. Pfaller MA, Diekema DJ, Messer SA, Boyken L, Hollis RJ, Jones RN. In vitro susceptibilities of rare Candida bloodstream isolates to ravuconazole and three comparative antifungal agents. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2004;48:101-5.
  65. Ernst E, Diekema DJ, BootsMiller B, Vaughn T, Yankey JW, Flach SD, Ward MM, Franciscus CLJ, Acosta E, Pfaller MA, Doebbeling BN. Are US hospitals following national guidelines for the analysis and presentation of cumulative antimicrobial susceptibility data? Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2004;49:141-145.
  66. Pfaller MA, Messer SA, Boyken L, Tendolkar S, Hollis RJ, Diekema DJ. Geographic variation in the susceptibility of invasive isolates of Candida glabrata to seven systemically active antifungal agents: A global assessment from the ARTEMIS Antifungal Surveillance Program, 2001-2002. J Clin Microbiol 2004;42:3142-6.
  67. Pfaller MA, Messer SA, Boyken L, Rice C, Tendolkar S, Hollis RJ, Diekema DJ. Cross resistance between fluconazole and ravuconazole and the use of fluconazole as a “surrogate marker” to predict susceptibility and resistance to ravuconazole among 12,796 clinical isolates of Candida spp. J Clin Microbiol 2004;42:3137-41.
  68. Pfaller MA, Messer SA, Boyken L, Tendolkar S, Hollis RJ, Diekema DJ. Evaluation of the Etest method using Mueller-Hinton agar with glucose and methylene blue for determining amphotericin B MICs for 4,936 clinical isolates of Candida species. J Clin Microbiol 2004;42:4977-79.
  69. Pfaller MA, Hazen KC, Messer SA, Boyken L, Tendolkar S, Hollis RJ, Diekema DJ. Accuracy of fluconazole disk testing for Candida species: Comparison of participant results with results from a central reference laboratory in the ARTEMIS Global Antifungal Surveillance Program. J Clin Microbiol 2004; 42:3607-12.
  70. Pfaller MA, Messer SA, Boyken L, Tendolkar S, Hollis RJ, Diekema DJ. Further standardization of broth microdilution methodology for in vitro susceptibility testing of caspofungin against Candida species by use of an international collection of more than 3000 clinical isolates. J Clin Microbiol 2004;42:3117-9
  71. Diekema DJ, Dodgson KJ, Sigurdardottir B, Pfaller MA. Rapid detection of antimicrobial-resistant organism carriage: an unmet clinical need. J Clin Microbiol 2004;42:2879-83.
  72. Polgreen P, Diekema DJ, VandeBerg J, Wiblin RT, Chen YY, David S, Rasmus D, Gerdts N, Ross A, Katz L, Herwaldt LA. Risk factors for groin wound infection following femoral artery catheterization: A case control study. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2006;27:34-37.
  73. Siwek G, Dodgson KJ, Magalhaes-Silverman M, Bartelt L, Kilborn SB, Hoth PL, Diekema DJ, Pfaller MA. Invasive zygomycosis in hematopoietic stem-cell transplant patients receiving voriconazole prophylaxis. Clin Infect Dis 2004;39:584-7.
  74. Yokoe DS, Noskin GA, Cunningham SM, Zuccotti G…….Herwaldt LA, Diekema DJ, Wong ES, Climo M, Platt R. Enhanced identification of postoperative infections among inpatients. Emerg Infect Dis 2004;10:1924-1930.
  75. Flach SD, Diekema DJ, Yankey JW, BootsMiller BJ, Vaughn TE, Ernst EJ, Ward MM, Doebbeling BN. Variation in the use of procedures to monitor antimicrobial resistance in U.S. hospitals. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2005;26:31-38.
  76. Pfaller MA, Boyken L, Hollis RJ, Messer SA, Tendolkar S, Diekema DJ. Clinical evaluation of a dried commercially prepared microdilution panel for antifungal susceptibility testing of five antifungal agents against Candida spp. and Cryptococcus neoformans. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2004;50:113-117.
  77. Beekmann SE, Diekema DJ, Doern GV. Determining the clinical significance of coagulase negative staphylococci isolated from blood cultures. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2005;26:559-556.
  78. Diekema DJ, Pfaller MA. Nosocomial candidemia: an ounce of prevention is better than a pound of cure. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2004;25:624-26.
  79. Pfaller MA, Diekema DJ. Rare and emerging opportunistic fungal pathogens: Concern for resistance beyond Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus. J Clin Microbiol 2004;42:4419-31.
  80. Diekema DJ, Petroelje B, Messer SA, Hollis RJ, Pfaller MA. Activity of available and investigational antifungal agents against Rhodotorula species. J Clin Microbiol 2005;43:476-478.
  81. Pfaller MA, Diekema DJ. Unusual fungal and pseudofungal infections of humans. J Clin Microbiol 2005;43:1495-1504.
  82. Ernst EJ, Raley G, Herwaldt LA, Diekema DJ. The importance of control group selection for evaluating antimicrobial usage as a risk factor for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2005;26:634-37.
  83. Sohn S, Climo M, Diekema DJ, Fraser V, Herwaldt L, et al. Varying rates of Clostridium difficile diarrhea at Prevention Epicenter hospitals. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2005;26:676-79.
  84. Pfaller MA, Messer SA, Boyken L, Rice C, Tendolkar S, Hollis RJ, Doern GV, Diekema DJ. Global trends in antifungal susceptibility of Cryptococcus neoformans (1990-2004). J Clin Microbiol 2005;43:2163-2167.
  85. Richter SS, Galask RP, Messer SA, Hollis RJ, Diekema DJ, Pfaller MA. Antifungal susceptibilities of Candida species causing vulvovaginitis and epidemiology of recurrent cases. J Clin Microbiol 2005;43:2155-2162.
  86. Klevay MJ, Ebinger A, Diekema DJ, Messer SA, Hollis R, Pfaller MA. Disk diffusion testing of Candida inoculated directly from CHROMagar Candida medium may decrease time to results reporting. J Clin Microbiol 2005;43:3497-99.
  87. Pfaller MA, Messer SA, Boyken L, Tendolkar S, Hollis RJ, Diekema DJ. In vitro susceptibility of clinical isolates of Candida, Cryptococcus neoformans, and Aspergillus species to itraconazole: A global survey of 9,359 isolates using National Committee on Clinical Laboratory Standards broth microdilution methods. J Clin Microbiol 2005;43:3807-10.
  88. Polgreen PM, Beekmann SE, Chen YY, Doern GV, Pfaller MA, Brueggemann AB, Herwaldt LA, Diekema DJ. Epidemiology of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus in a rural state. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2006;27:252-256.
  89. Polgreen PM, Pottinger J, Diekema DJ, Herwaldt LA. Influenza vaccination rates and the Hawthorne effect. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2006;27:98-99.
  90. Pfaller MA, Boyken L, Messer S, Hollis R, Tendolkar S, Diekema DJ. In vitro activities of anidulafungin against more than 2,500 clinical isolates of Candida spp., including 315 isolates resistant to fluconazole. J Clin Microbiol 2005;43:5425-27.
  91. Pfaller MA, Diekema DJ, Rinaldi MG, Barnes R, Hu B, Veselov AV, Tiraboschi N, Nagy E, Gibbs DL. Results from the ARTEMIS DISK Global Antifungal Surveillance Study: a 6.5-year analysis of susceptibilities of Candida and other yeast species to fluconazole and voriconazole by standardized disk diffusion testing. J Clin Microbiol 2005;43:5848-59.
  92. Pfaller MA, Diekema DJ, Boyken L, Messer SA, Tendolkar S, Hollis RJ, Goldstein RP. Effectiveness of anidulafungin in eradicating Candida species in invasive candidiasis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2005;49:4795-97.
  93. Pfaller MA, Boyken L, Messer SA, Tendolkar S, Hollis RJ, Diekema DJ. Comparison of results of voriconazole disk diffusion testing for Candida species with results from a central reference laboratory in the ARTEMIS global antifungal surveillance program. J Clin Microbiol 2005;43:5208-13.
  94. Siwek GT, Pfaller MA, Polgreen PM, Cobb S, Hoth P, Magalheas-Silverman M, Diekema DJ. Incidence of invasive aspergillosis among allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients receiving voriconazole prophylaxis. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2006;55:209-212.
  95. Beekman SE, Diekema DJ, Heilmann KP, Richter SS, Doern GV. Macrolide use as a risk factor for macrolide-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae: Results of a 17-center case-control study. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2006;25:335-9.
  96. Messer SA, Diekema DJ, Boyken L, Tendolkar S, Hollis R, Pfaller MA. Micafungin Activity against 315 Invasive Clinical Isolates of Fluconazole Resistant Candida. J Clin Microbiol 2006;44:324-326.
  97. Zillich A, Sutherland JM, Wilson SJ, Diekema DJ, Ernst EJ, Vaughn TE, Doebbeling BN. Antimicrobial Use Control Measures to Prevent and Control Antimicrobial Resistance in US hospitals. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2006;27:1088-95.
  98. Pfaller MA, Diekema DJ, Sheehan DJ. Interpretive breakpoints for fluconazole and Candida revisited: A blueprint for the future of antifungal susceptibility testing. Clin Microbiol Rev 2006;19:435-447.
  99. Pfaller MA, Boyken L, Hollis R, Messer SA, Tendolkar S, Diekema DJ. In vitro susceptibility of Candida spp. to caspofungin: Four years of global surveillance. J Clin Microbiol 2006;44:760-763.
  100. Pfaller MA, Diekema DJ, Rex JH, et al. Correlation of MIC with outcome for Candida species tested against voriconazole: Analysis and proposal for interpretive breakpoints. J Clin Microbiol 2006;44:819-826.
  101. Warren DK, ….Diekema DJ, Herwaldt LA, Fraser VJ for the Prevention Epicenter Program. A multicenter intervention to prevent catheter-associated bloodstream infection. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2006;27:662-9.
  102. Pfaller MA, Diekema DJ, M. Mendez, C. Kibbler, P. Erzsebet, S.-C. Chang, D.L. Gibbs, V.A. Newell, and the Global Antifungal Surveillance Group. Candida guilliermondii, an Opportunistic Fungal Pathogen with Decreased Susceptibility to Fluconazole: Geographic and Temporal Trends from the ARTEMIS DISK Antifungal Surveillance Program. J Clin Microbiol 2006;44:3551-6.
  103. Pfaller MA, L. Boyken, R.J. Hollis, S.A. Messer, S. Tendolkar, Diekema DJ. Global Surveillance of the In Vitro Activity of Micafungin against Candida: A Comparison with Caspofungin Using Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute Recommended Methods. J Clin Microbiol 2006;44:3533-38.
  104. Pfaller MA, Diekema DJ, Colombo AL, Kibbler C, Ng KP, Gibbs DL, Newell VA, and the Global Antifungal Surveillance Group. Candida rugosa, an Emerging Fungal Pathogen with Resistance to Azoles: Geographic and Temporal Trends from the ARTEMIS DISK Antifungal Surveillance Program. J Clin Microbiol 2006;44:3578-82.
  105. Neofytos D, Pfaller MA, Diekema DJ, Horn D. A case of recurrent episodes of Candida parapsilosis fungemia. Mycopathologia 2006;162:295-98.
  106. Sigurdardottir B, Berg JV, Hu J, Alamu J, McNutt LA, Diekema DJ, Herwaldt LA. Descriptive epidemiology and case-control study of patients colonized with vancomycin-resistant enterococcus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2006;27:913-919.
  107. Huang SS, Rifas-Shiman SL, Warren DK ……Diekema DJ, Rego VR, Yokoe DS, Platt R. Improving MRSA Surveillance and Reporting in Intensive Care Units. J Infect Dis 2007;195:330-338.
  108. Huang SS, Rifas-Shiman SL, Warrant DK……Diekema DJ, Rego VR, Yokoe DS, Platt R. Improving assessment of VRE by routine screening. J Infect Dis 2006;195:339-346.
  109. Pfaller MA, Messer SA, Boyken L, Rice C, Tendolkar S, Hollis RJ, Diekema DJ. The use of fluconazole as a “surrogate marker” to predict susceptibility and resistance to voriconazole among 13,338 clinical isolates of Candida spp. tested by CLSI recommended broth microdilution methods. J Clin Microbiol 2007;45:70-75.
  110. Pfaller MA, Diekema DJ, Procop GW, Rindaldi MG. Multicenter comparison of the VITEK 2 Yeast Susceptibility Test with the CLSI broth microdilution reference method for testing fluconazole against Candida spp. J Clin Microbiol 2007;45:796-82.
  111. Diekema DJ. Healthcare associated fungal infections: Beyond Candida and Aspergillus. South Med J 2006;100:130-131.
  112. Diekema DJ, Messer SA, Hollis RJ, Boyken LB, Tendolkar S, Kroeger J, Pfaller MA. Evaluation of Etest and disk diffusion methods compared to broth microdilution antifungal susceptibility testing of posaconazole against clinical isolates of Candida. J Clin Microbiol 2007, Feb 14 (Epub ahead of print).
  113. Messer SA, Diekema DJ, Hollis RJ, Boyken LB, Tendolkar S, Kroeger J, Pfaller MA. Evaluation of disk diffusion and Etest compared to broth microdilution antifungal susceptibility testing of posaconazole against clinical isolates of filamentous fungi. J Clin Microbiol 2007;45:1322-24.

Book Chapters:

  1. Diekema DJ, Doebbeling BN. Employee health and infection control. In: A Practical Handbook for Hospital Epidemiologists. Ed. Herwaldt LA, Decker MD. Slack, Inc, Thorofare, NJ, 1998.
  2. Diekema DJ. Drug resistance. The McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Science and Technology, 9th Edition, 2000.
  3. Diekema DJ, Pfaller MA. Role of the clinical microbiology laboratory in hospital epidemiology and infection control. In: Clinical Laboratory Medicine, 2nd Edition. Ed. McClatchey K. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, Philadelphia, PA 2002.
  4. Diekema DJ. The clinician and the microbiology laboratory. In: Medical Management of Infectious Diseases. Ed. Grace CJ. Marcel-Dekker, New York, NY, 2003.
  5. Diekema DJ, Pfaller MA. Infection control epidemiology and clinical microbiology. In: Manual of Clinical Microbiology, 8th edition. Ed. Murray PR, Baron EJ, Pfaller MA, Tenover FC, Yolken RH. ASM Press, Washington DC, 2003.
  6. Shamsuddin H, Diekema DJ. Opportunistic infections in hematopoetic transplant recipients. In: Prevention and Control of Nosocomial Infections, 4th Edition. Ed. Wenzel RP. Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins, Philadelphia, PA, 2003.
  7. Pfaller MA, Richter SS, Diekema DJ. Conventional methods for the laboratory diagnosis of fungal infections in the immunocompromised host. In: Fungal Infections in the Immunocompromised Host (1st edition). Ed. Wingard and Anaissie. Marcel Dekker, Inc. New York, NY, 2004 (in press).
  8. Pfaller MA, Diekema DJ, Rinaldi MG. Antifungal drugs: Mechanisms of action, drug resistance, susceptibility testing, and assays of activity in biologic fluids. In: Antibiotics in Laboratory Medicine (Fifth Edition). Ed. Lorian, V. Williams and Wilkins, Philadelphia, PA, 2005.
  9. Diekema DJ, Pfaller MA. Infection control epidemiology and clinical microbiology. In: Manual of Clinical Microbiology, 9th edition. Ed. Murray PR, Baron EJ, Pfaller MA, Tenover FC, Yolken RH. ASM Press, Washington DC, 2003.
  10. Pfaller MA, Diekema DJ, Merz WG. Infections caused by non-Candida, non-Cryptococcus yeasts. In: Clinical Mycology, 2nd Edition. Ed. Anaissie, McGinnis, Pfaller. Churchill, Livingston. Philadelphia, PA, 2008.
  11. Lockhart SJ, Diekema DJ, Pfaller MA. The epidemiology of fungal infections. In: Clinical Mycology, 2nd Edition. Ed. Anaissie, McGinnis, Pfaller. Churchill, Livingston. Philadelphia, PA, 2008.

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